Non-profit research organization based in Tucson, Arizona, dedicated to the rigorous scientific study of mental mediums (people who claim regular communication with the deceased).

American direct-voice medium (1859-1942) of considerable power, according to observers who attended sittings in the US and Britain. 

Popular Brazilian medium (1910-2002) celebrated for his prolific output of poetry, fiction and Spiritist philosophy, which he said was dictated to him by discarnate spirits. 

A mind-reading act performed by a Danish-American couple Julius and Agnes Zancig, assumed to have been based on a complex code, also showed indications of genuine telepathy.